TAP Subfamily: MYST
Lysine acetyltransferases or histone acetyltransferases (HATs) together with histone deacetylases (HDACs), are responsible for reversible acetylation of histones and are found in eukaryotes in at least four TR families, namely MYST (MOZ, Ybf2/Sas3, Sas2 and TIP60), CBP (p300/CREB-binding protein), TAFII250 (TATA-binding protein associated factor) and GNAT (GCN5-related N-terminal acetyltransferase) (Boycheva et al., 2014; Pandey, 2002; Uhrig et al., 2017). HATs function as transcriptional regulators by having different regulatory effects on gene expression in plants, animals and fungi, indicating a high conservation of these proteins and their functions (Pandey, 2002). Especially in land plants, due to their sessile lifestyle, chromatin modifications provide an important mechanism in adapting to environmental stresses (Boycheva et al., 2014). The HAT subfamily MYST can be found with an average of two members in green algae, land plants, heterokonts and other photosynthetic eukaryotes involved for instances in transcriptional activation and silencing, apoptosis and in the process of the cell cycle (Latrasse et al., 2008; Uhrig et al., 2017).
References:
Boycheva, I., Vassileva, V., & Iantcheva, A. (2014). Histone Acetyltransferases in Plant Development and Plasticity. Current Genomics, 15(1), 28–37. https://doi.org/10.2174/138920291501140306112742
Pandey, R. (2002). Analysis of histone acetyltransferase and histone deacetylase families of Arabidopsis thaliana suggests functional diversification of chromatin modification among multicellular eukaryotes. Nucleic Acids Research, 30(23), 5036–5055. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkf660
Uhrig, R. G., Schläpfer, P., Mehta, D., Hirsch-Hoffmann, M., & Gruissem, W. (2017). Genome-scale analysis of regulatory protein acetylation enzymes from photosynthetic eukaryotes. BMC Genomics, 18(1), 514. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-017-3894-0
Latrasse, D., Benhamed, M., Henry, Y., Domenichini, S., Kim, W., Zhou, D.-X., & Delarue, M. (2008). The MYST histone acetyltransferases are essential for gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. BMC Plant Biology, 8(1), 121. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2229-8-121
